Understanding Acne: Symptoms and Types
Acne is a skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil (sebum) and dead skin cells. Acne most commonly appears in teenagers and young adults, but can occur at any age. This condition can appear on various areas of the body such as the face, back, chest, and shoulders.
Understanding the types and causes of acne is the first step in determining the right treatment. Here is a complete explanation about acne.
Types of Acne
Acne can be divided into several types based on appearance and severity:
Non-Inflammatory Acne
- Whiteheads — Clogged follicles that remain closed by a layer of skin, appearing as small white or skin-colored bumps
- Blackheads — Clogged follicles that are open and oxidized by air, appearing black or dark in color
Inflammatory Acne
- Papules — Small red bumps that feel sore or painful when touched, indicating inflammation of the follicle
- Pustules — Papules that have developed with pus-filled tips, white or yellow in color
- Nodules — Large, solid, painful bumps under the skin surface, a more severe type of acne
- Cysts — Deep pus-filled bumps that can cause scarring and require special medical treatment
Acne Symptoms
- Appearance of whiteheads and blackheads on the face area
- Small red bumps (papules) that feel painful
- Bumps with pus-filled tips (pustules)
- Large, solid bumps under the skin (nodules)
- Painful deep cysts
- Excessively oily skin
- Acne scars or post-acne hyperpigmentation
Common Causes of Acne
Acne can be triggered by various factors, both internal and external:
- Hormonal changes — Especially during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or stress
- Excess oil production — Overactive sebaceous glands
- Propionibacterium acnes bacteria — Bacteria that cause inflammation in clogged follicles
- Dead skin cell buildup — Suboptimal skin regeneration process
- Genetic factors — Family history of acne problems
- Stress — Can trigger cortisol hormone production that worsens acne
- Certain foods — High glycemic index foods and dairy products in some people
- Unsuitable cosmetic products — Products that clog pores
Acne Treatment and Management
Acne management depends on the type and severity. From self-care with the right skincare to medical treatments at a beauty clinic.
Consult with a dermatologist at Carla Skin Clinic to get the right treatment according to your skin type and acne condition. The doctor will recommend appropriate treatments, ranging from professional facials, laser therapy, to intensive acne treatment packages like Acne Clear Pro.
